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This article discusses installation of NETGEAR External Wireless Antennae. 'N' band is not covered here, just 2.4Gig or 'G' band. Overview: NETGEAR wireless routers and access points are supplied with short antennas that attach directly to the wireless device and work well in most installations. They are typically used indoors and provide coverage within approx a 30m-70m range, depending on the number of walls, construction materials etc. However, there are some circumstances when better range is required, particularly outdoors, and this is when one of the NETGEAR external antennas may be appropriate. The antenna that is supplied with the wireless device is unscrewed, and replaced with a cable that connects the wireless device to the external antenna. The Antennae: Compatible Wireless Devices: Both of these antennas resonate at a frequency of 2.4GHz (GigaHertz), which is the frequency specified in the 802.11b and 802.11g standards.
Therefore they are compatible with any of NETGEAR’s 802.11b/g wireless devices, Home or ProSAFE, that have removable antennas (except the DGFV338, see below). They are also compatible with 3 rd-party 802.11b/g wireless devices, although suitable adapters may be needed as antenna connections may vary. They are not compatible with any of the 802.11a wireless devices, as these operate at 5GHz. They are not compatible with any of the 802.11n wireless devices, as these require multiple antennas forming a MIMO array.
They are not compatible with the MBM621 wireless modem, which operates on the 3G frequency range 1.9-2.1 GHz. In most circumstances the WG102 is the ideal AP to use with these antennas. Installing on the WAG102 and WAG302: The WAG102 and WAG302 wireless access points operate on both 2.4GHz and 5GHz, simultaneously. They have 2 antenna connectors, marked “2.4GHz Ant.” and “5GHz Ant.”. An external antenna should only be attached to the 2.4GHz antenna.
The 5GHz antenna can be disabled, or can continue operating independently of the 2.4GHz Installing on the WG302: The WG302 wireless access point operates at 2.4GHz only. It has 2 antenna connectors, marked “primary” and “secondary”. By default, these antennas operate in “auto” mode, also known as Antenna Diversity, whereby the AP automatically chooses the best antenna for each connection. This dramatically reduces the problem of signal dead spots. In order to use the WG302 with an external antenna, the antenna should be attached to one of the antenna connectors, say the primary, and the secondary antenna connector must be disabled.
This is done in the GUI: Advanced Wireless Settings?Antenna?Primary. The WG302 must be running firmware 5.1.29 or later for this to work correctly. Installing on the DGFV338: The DGFV338 wireless router operates at 2.4GHz only. It has 2 antenna connectors like the WG302. However, no means of disabling one of these antenna connectors is provided, so it is not possible to use an external antenna with this router.
Understanding Antenna Gain: Antenna gain is measured in decibels (dBi), and is a measure of the power of the radio signal radiating from the antenna. Generally, the higher the gain of an antenna, the longer radio range will be obtained. However, if we take an access point with the standard supplied 5dBi antenna and replace the antenna with a 9dBi antenna, where does the extra power come from? The access point is still sending the same amount of power out it’s antenna connector, and the higher-gain antenna cannot create power from nothing.
The answer is that the higher-gain antenna is not actually radiating more power than the lower-gain antenna, it is radiating the same power but is more controlled about the direction that it radiates in. Some directions get more power, and some get less. For antennas, higher gain = more directional.
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Antenna gain is measured relative to a theoretical perfect omnidirectional antenna that radiates equally in all directions (an isotropic radiator), giving a perfect sphere of radio signal strength. If such an antenna existed, it would have a gain of 0 dBi. Gain is measured using a logarithmic scale, to base 10. A handy rule of thumb is that 3dBi gives approximately double the signal strength. The ANT2409 9dBi antenna is considered to be Omnidirectional, but in fact it radiates a large, flatish “doughnut” of signal strength, as can be seen from the graphs below. This is why this antenna must be mounted vertically, otherwise most of the signal will go into the ground or the sky and not to the end users.
Note that users directly underneath the antenna will be in an area of weak signal strength. The ANT24D18 14dBi antenna is very directional, as can be seen from the graphs below. In both the vertical and horizontal planes, the signal strength is nearly all concentrated in one direction. This makes these antennas very good for fixed point-to-point links, but unsuitable for providing wireless access to end-users laptops. ANT24D18 Antennas receive signals exactly the same way that they transmit them, with exactly the same gain/directional characteristics. Physical Installation, Cabling, and Range: These antennas are designed to be installed outdoors, and do not work well indoors.
An exception to this is a very large indoor area, such as a shopping centre or atrium, where adequate performance may be obtained. Customers who have installed an ANT2409 in one room in their house, hoping to provide coverage for the whole house, have had disappointing results. An ideal physical installation for both antennas is on the top of a pole, outdoors, as high as possible, with no buildings, trees, power lines or other antennas anywhere near it, and an unobstructed line-of-sight path to any devices that it is communicating with. Any variation from this will result in reduced range, sometimes only slight, but sometimes dramatic. For example, another 2.4GHz antenna mounted within about a metre, even if not connected to anything, will badly disrupt the efficient radiation of the signal. Mounting the ANT2409 next to a wall will severely reduce it’s range, as the signal will leave the antenna, bounce on the wall, and return to interfere with the signal from the antenna. Mounting the back of the ANT24D18 next to a wall is ok, because it radiates very little signal power in that direction.
Based on customer experience, in typical real-world situations, the ANT2409 has a reliable range of about 600m and the ANT24D18 has a reliable range of about 2Km. The particular situation and the care taken in installation can dramatically increase or decrease this figure. The external antenna should be connected to the Access Point or Router using a coaxial cable (coax) purchased from NETGEAR. These are not supplied with the antennas. They are available in various lengths, 1.5m, 3m, 5m and 10m.
If a customer chooses to source coax elsewhere, they should use very good quality cable, with an impedence of 50 ohms. Also, all connectors used in the installation must have an impedence of 50ohms. 75ohm cable or connectors will not work properly. The impedence is written on the coax and connectors. If a customer uses their own cable, NETGEAR will not support them if they have wireless problems. When the ANT2409 is installed outdoors, the supplied Lightening Arrestor should be installed in the cable as per the diagram below, for safety reasons. Many customers don’t install it, which does not adversely affect the normal operation of the antenna, but does expose the customer to the risk of lightening striking the antenna, travelling down the coax and destroying lots of expensive IT equipment.
GearHead Support for Home Users GearHead Support is a technical support service for NETGEAR devices and all other connected devices in your home. Advanced remote support tools are used to fix issues on any of your devices. The service includes support for the following:.
Desktop and Notebook PCs, Wired and Wireless Routers, Modems, Printers, Scanners, Fax Machines, USB devices and Sound Cards. Windows Operating Systems (2000, XP or Vista), MS Word, Excel, PowerPoint, Outlook and Adobe Acrobat. Anti-virus and Anti-Spyware: McAfee, Norton, AVG, eTrust and BitDefender.